Determinants of Health Promoting Lifestyle Among Undergraduate Nursing Students in Indonesia: A Post-Pandemic Analysis
Keywords:
COVID-19, Demographic factors, Lifestyle, Nursing studentsAbstract
Maintaining a health-promoting lifestyle is essential for nursing students, as it supports their well-being and prepares them to serve as role models in clinical practice. However, various individual and contextual factors influence the adoption of such lifestyles. This study aimed to identify the determinants of health-promoting lifestyle profiles among undergraduate nursing students. A descriptive correlational, cross-sectional design was employed, involving 132 nursing students from a private university in North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, selected through convenience sampling. The main instrument was the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile–II (HPLP-II). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical linear regression. The results showed that the highest mean score was in spiritual growth with a mean of 2.89 (SD = 0.47), while health responsibility had the lowest score of 1.95 (SD = 0.46). The overall lifestyle score was 2.41 (SD = 0.33). Regression analysis revealed that variables such as exercise (β = 0.251; p = 0.004), religiosity (β = 0.245; p = 0.005), history of COVID-19 infection (β = 0.169; p = 0.043), and COVID-19 vaccination status (β = 0.179; p = 0.032) significantly predicted health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, with an explanatory power of 18.4%. Targeted interventions should focus on enhancing spiritual growth, promoting regular physical activity, and providing ongoing health education tailored to both pandemic and post-pandemic contexts to support the development of healthier lifestyles among nursing students. Specifically, interventions should integrate structured spiritual development modules and regular physical activity programs into nursing curricula to promote sustainable health behaviors and foster role-modeling capacities in future healthcare professionals.
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